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We are searching for co-funding for follow-up research to improve the cost-effectiveness of the program at scale and to understand the impact of masks on preventing the spread of the delta variant and on asymptomatic infections.Our partners could absorb hundreds of millions of masks. Depending on where the masks need to be shipped, they cost between $0.03 and $0.06 per mask and are quick to produce. We have an almost infinite need for surgical masks.High leverage opportunities to fill gaps in coalitions include the following: However, funding and technical gaps exist, and further support is needed to make these scale-ups a reality. Photo credit: SEWA What's next?Įmerging scale-up coalitions are underway to reach millions of more people in South Asia, and now also Latin America, with the potential to save many thousands of lives. The pilot will continue throughout the country across the 276 municipalities with 1 million masks donated by Hanesbrands in the US. So far, 33,250 masks have been distributed by our local partner Covid-19 Rapid Action Taskforce (C-19 RAT), a coalition of organizations that have expertise in volunteer mobilization and disaster relief work. In Nepal, the NORM model was launched in 3 hotspot municipalities (Thimi, Sunsari, and Melamchi). In Pakistan, we are working with the City of Lahore on an urban scale-up that will cover 5 million people, and the NORM model has been recommended in a nationwide policy document.
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A pilot is being planned in partnership with the government in Bihar and a few other states that we expect will expand even further. We expect to reach at least 1 million people across these states. Eight-hundred thousand masks have been distributed so far, and SEWA has engaged 400 staff and members to distribute masks and to promote and reinforce mask-wearing. In India, we are working with the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) in Gujarat to implement NORM across 13 districts in Gujarat and 37 districts across other states in the country. Additionally, in urban areas, volunteers from Youth Bangla and Shakti Foundation are distributing masks and doing reinforcement at major transportation and convening hubs. In Bangladesh, BRAC is implementing NORM across 35 high-risk districts covering about 81 million people. Coalitions are also emerging in Latin America. Our team is currently working with partners in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan to scale-up NORM to more than 100 million people. These results show that the NORM model -especially employing surgical masks-can protect the most vulnerable and in the scale-up described below could save many thousands of lives. Surgical masks were particularly effective, and distributing and promoting surgical masks to the population reduced 1 out of 3 infections in community members 60 and older. The levels of mask-wearing induced by the NORM intervention also reduced rates of COVID-19 (by 9 percent). Reinforcement activities were particularly critical to the success of the model. The impact was sustained 10 weeks into the evaluation, even after direct intervention activities ended. Results from the evaluation revealed that the NORM model more than tripled mask-wearing (from 13% to 42%) and increased physical distancing (by 5 percentage points). If you would like to give financial support: We are working to rapidly expand our network and foster connections to support this scale-up. Additional details can be found in the plain language summary, press release, presentation, and academic paper. IPA and a large coalition of partners have quickly mobilized to support government and non-government organizations in scaling the model. The study also found a precise combination of encouragement strategies to substantially increase the use of community mask-wearing, now called the NORM model (see below). A new study by IPA and researchers from Yale and Stanford Medical School is the first randomized evaluation showing that mask-wearing in a real-world setting reduces COVID-19.
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1 Universal vaccination is a long way off, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, and the highly contagious Delta variant is driving new waves of cases in many countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has taken the lives of more than 4.4 million people globally.